What Is PrEP, and How Does It Prevent HIV?

Protecting your sexual health begins with knowledge, support, and access to prevention methods. One of the most powerful tools available for preventing HIV is PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), a daily medication that significantly lowers the risk of contracting HIV. PrEP is highly effective, but many people still have questions about what it is and how it works. At Affinity Urgent Care, we're here to provide clear answers about PrEP, how it helps prevent HIV, and what you can expect if you choose to start it.

What Is PrEP?

PrEP, or pre-exposure prophylaxis, is a daily prescription medication for individuals who are HIV-negative but at increased risk of exposure. When taken consistently, PrEP significantly reduces the risk of acquiring HIV. It is not a vaccine or a cure, but rather a preventive therapy that establishes protective levels of antiretroviral medication in the bloodstream. This helps prevent the virus from establishing an infection if exposure occurs. A healthcare provider must prescribe PrEP, and it is most effective when taken exactly as directed.

How Does PrEP Work?

When HIV enters the body, it targets CD4 cells (also known as T cells), which are essential to immune function. PrEP works by stopping the virus from taking hold. The antiretroviral medications in PrEP block the enzymes HIV needs to replicate, preventing the virus from multiplying and spreading throughout the body. When taken consistently, PrEP offers strong protection by disrupting the infection process at its earliest stage.

Who Should Consider PrEP?

PrEP is for people who are HIV-negative but at higher risk of being exposed to the virus. You may benefit from PrEP if you:

• Have a sexual partner who is living with HIV (especially if their viral load is unknown or detectable)

• Don’t consistently use condoms

• Have had an STI within the past six months

• Have multiple sexual partners

• Engage in sex work

PrEP is recommended for people of all genders and sexual orientations who want to protect themselves and take control of their sexual health.

What To Expect When Starting PrEP

If you’re considering PrEP, the first step is talking to a health care provider. Here’s what the process typically looks like:

• Initial consultation – Your provider will review your medical history, conduct a physical exam, and discuss your HIV risk and prevention goals.

• Testing – To safely start PrEP, you must be HIV-negative. You’ll be tested for HIV and possibly other STIs, as well as have your kidney function evaluated.

• Prescription – If PrEP is right for you, your provider will prescribe the medication and give you instructions on how to take it.

• Follow-up – Follow-up visits are typically scheduled every three months to perform routine HIV and STI testing, monitor side effects, and confirm that PrEP continues to meet your needs.

When paired with regular STI testing, open communication, and safer sex practices, PrEP is a powerful part of a comprehensive sexual health plan.

Common Questions About PrEP

Choosing to take PrEP is a proactive step in caring for your health. It’s about empowerment, safety, and protecting yourself and your partners. Here are some common questions regarding PrEP:

Is PrEP safe?

Yes. PrEP has been extensively studied and is considered safe for most people. Some individuals may experience mild side effects, such as nausea or headaches, but these typically subside within the first few weeks.

Does PrEP protect against other STIs?

No. PrEP only prevents HIV. Using condoms along with PrEP is the best way to protect yourself from other sexually transmitted infections.

What if I miss a dose?

While missing a dose occasionally may not eliminate protection, PrEP is most effective when taken consistently. Aim to take it at the same time each day, and talk to your provider if you need help maintaining your routine.

Take Control of Your Sexual Health

At Affinity Urgent Care, we’re here to support you with respectful, effective medical care. We provide confidential STI testing and treatment in La Marque, Galveston, and Alvin, Texas. Contact us today or visit one of our clinics for prompt care or to learn more about STI testing and prevention.